Glossary

[ Toxicity ] The degree to which a substance can cause damage to a living organism or its substructures. Toxicity is dependent on dosage, in relation to the species.

[ Toxin ] Any substance of plant or animal origin that has a toxic effect on animals. Toxins may be molecules, peptides or proteins capable of causing disease or interfering metabolic function. Compare: Toxicant

A disaccharide comprised of two α-D- glucose units, connected through carbon number 1, in a 1α→1 linkage. Trehalose has medical applications in the treatment of amyloidosis. Compare: Maltose

[ Triglyceride ] An ester comprising of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid molecules. Triglycerides are the main constituents of natural fats and oils and act as transports for fatty acids in the blood.

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[ Valine ] A branched-chain amino acid. For humans, valine is one of the nine essential amino acids.

[ Vegetable_Fat ] Edible fat extracted from plants that are solid at room temperature, due to a higher level of saturation than vegetable oils. Typically vegetable fats come from tropical plants such as coconut, palm or cocoa. Despite the common… Read More »Vegetable Fat

[ Vegetable_Oil ] Edible oil extracted from a plant, especially from the seeds as in peanut oil, corn oil, soy-bean oil or canola oil, from tree nuts, as in walnut oil or almond oil, or from the pericarp of fruits,… Read More »Vegetable Oil

[ Very Long-Chain Fatty Acid, VLCFA ] A Fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of longer than 22 carbon atoms. VLCFAs are metabolized in peroxisomes, as they are too long to be metabolized in the mitochondria. See Long-Chain Fatty Acid.

[ Very Low-Carbohydrate Diet ] A dietary regimen in which the carbohydrate intake is severely limited, resulting in metabolic ketosis.