Glossary

[ Arabitol ] A sugar alcohol with about 70% of the sweetness of sucrose and 0.2 kcal/gram of energy. The intestinal presence of D-arabitol may be used as an indicator of the overgrowth of yeast and fungi such as Candida… Read More »Arabitol

[ Aromatic compound ] A cyclic, planar molecule with a ring of resonance bonds that are highly stable and do not readily react with other substances. While aromaticity as a chemical property bears no general relationship with the smell the… Read More »Aromatic compound

[ Astaxanthin ] Not to be confused with Anthoxanthin, it is a keto-carotenoid antioxidant belonging to a larger class of phytochemicals called terpenes. Astaxanthin is responsible for the reddish colour of salmon and cooked shellfish and is found in microalgae,… Read More »Astaxanthin

[ Adenosine_Triphosphate, ATP ] A nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme in energy metabolism. ATP carries energy to where it is needed to fuel metabolic processes and is often referred to as the “molecular unit of currency”.

[ Autoimmune disorder ] A condition arising from an abnormal immune response against substances naturally present in the body. Symptoms may include low grade fever, fatugue, inflammation or pain and may be accute or chronic, depending on exposure to the… Read More »Autoimmune disorder

[ Beta-hydroxybutyric acid, β-Hydroxybutyric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, D-3-hydroxybutyrate ] Although not a ketone itself, it is one of the three chemicals, or ketone bodies, produced during the metabolic state of ketosis or ketoacidosis. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid is the first of these… Read More »Beta-hydroxybutyric acid

[ Biochemistry ] The chemical processes relating to living organisms. The branch of science which studies these chemical processes.

[ biology ] The science concerned with the study of living organisms. Specialised fields of biology include anatomy, behaviour and morphology.

[ Boron ]

[ Branched-chain amino acid, BCAA ] An amino acid having aliphatic side-chains with a branch. The three proteinogenic branched-chained amino acids are leucine, isoleucine and valine. Non-proteinogenic BCAAs include 2-aminoisobutyric acid. The three proteinogenic BCAAs are among the nine essential… Read More »Branched-chain amino acid